Corporate business taxes typically apply to legal entities that are structured as corporations. This includes various types of corporations such as:
- C-Corporations: These are the most common type of corporation. They are separate legal entities from their owners and shareholders, providing limited liability protection. C-Corporations file their own tax returns and are subject to corporate tax rates.
- S-Corporations: S-Corporations are a specific type of corporation that elects to pass income, deductions, and credits through to their shareholders. While S-Corporations do not pay federal income tax at the corporate level, shareholders report their share of the corporation's income on their individual tax returns.
- Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) taxed as Corporations: In some cases, LLCs may elect to be taxed as corporations rather than partnerships. This choice is often made for specific tax or liability reasons.
- Foreign Corporations: Corporations that are incorporated outside of the country but do business within its borders are also subject to corporate taxes on the income they earn within that country.
- Partnership Entity: A partnership business entity, or a general partnership, is a business consisting of two or more owners who run their business in accordance with the terms of an oral or written partnership agreement. Although an agreement is not required, it makes sense to have one so that the partnership will run smoothly.
It's important to note that the tax classification and requirements can vary by jurisdiction and the specific legal structure of the business. Additionally, pass-through entities like partnerships and sole proprietorships are not subject to corporate taxes at the entity level; instead, their income "passes through" to the owners or partners who report it on their personal tax returns.